Mobile money,risk sharing,and educational investment: Panel evidence from rural Uganda

We examine the impact of the rapidly expanding mobile banking service “mobile money” on rural households' ability to smooth investment in schooling after a negative shock. We find that a negative shock induces a 9.3‐percentage point decrease in per school‐age child educational expenditure for households who do not use mobile money compared to an 8.3‐percentage point decrease for households that have adopted mobile money. The underlying mechanism is an increase in remittance receipt and the diversity of senders owing to the reduction in transactions cost provided by mobile money. We show that our results are robust to alternative mechanisms. We use the expansion in mobile money agent network as an exogenous variation in access to mobile money.     

基于生态系统服务功能的森林社会效益价值评估——以云南省森林资源为例

森林除了具有经济价值和生态价值外,还具有基于生态系统服务功能所产生的社会效益价值。论文以云南省森林资源为例,采用房地产评估中常用的假设开发法为主要评估方法,结合森林资源所反映的社会效益价值增长特征,运用企业自由现金流量折现模型中的两阶段现金流折现模型,通过构建模型体系,分别从直接社会效益和间接社会效益两个维度对云南省森林资源的社会效益价值进行评估。其中,直接社会效益包括就业价值和景观游憩价值,间接社会效益包括科教价值、历史价值及文化价值,通过模糊综合评判计算各组成部分的不同影响权重得出直接和间接社会效益模型,以多元回归的方法构建森林生态总体社会效益价值模型并计算云南省森林社会效益价值。同时,将各部分价值结果分别与云南省第三产业GDP、人均GDP及云南省GDP进行对比分析,进而对云南省森林社会效益价值现有情况进行评价,并对今后的森林资源开发提出相关建议。     

产业链的合作机制选择与低碳产品定价及碳减排策略

生产链上下游企业选择合适的合作机制对低碳产品定价及碳减排有重要影响。通过构建博弈模型分析三种不同合作机制下的低碳产品定价及碳减排问题:第一种合作机制即制造商与零售商进行合作,当两条生产链都选择这种合作机制时,能带来较高的碳减排率和较低的零售价格,这对制造商、零售商、消费者和环境都是有利的。第二种合作机制即两条生产链的制造商之间、零售商之间分别合作,这会带来较低的碳减排率和较高的零售价格,对两个制造商有利,而对零售商和消费者不利。分析前两种合作机制的利与弊提出第三种合作机制,即零售商和制造商共享利润下的有利于碳减排的策略。最后,结合案例讨论和数值分析的研究结果表明:当制造商和零售商收入共享比在一定范围内时,第三种合作机制可以给制造商和零售商带来更高的利润。由此为企业选择最佳的合作机制及合理的碳减排策略提供了理论指导。     

基于环境绩效的长江经济带工业用水效率

使用2005—2014年长江经济带11个省(市)的面板数据,基于投入导向的超效率DEA-CCR模型,测算含有非合意产出的全要素工业水资源利用率,利用Malmquist指数对全要素工业水资源利用率进行分解,分析工业水资源利用率提高和降低的主要影响因素,对全要素工业水资源利用率进行收敛性分析,判断各地区工业水资源利用率差异的变化趋势。研究结果表明:不同省(市)工业水资源利用率差距明显,下游地区最高,中游地区最低;2005—2014年,长江经济带区域工业水资源利用率总体呈提高趋势;科技进步是推动全要素工业水资源利用率提高的主要因素;长江流域工业水资源利用率呈收敛趋势,省(市)工业水资源利用率差距在缩小。     

The composite iteration algorithm for finding efficient and financially fair risk-sharing rules

We consider the problem of finding an efficient and fair ex-ante rule for division of an uncertain monetary outcome among a finite number of von Neumann–Morgenstern agents. Efficiency is understood here, as usual, in the sense of Pareto efficiency subject to the feasibility constraint. Fairness is defined as financial fairness with respect to a predetermined pricing functional. We show that efficient and financially fair allocation rules are in one-to-one correspondence with positive eigenvectors of a nonlinear homogeneous and monotone mapping associated to the risk sharing problem. We establish relevant properties of this mapping. On the basis of this, we obtain a proof of existence and uniqueness of solutions via nonlinear Perron–Frobenius theory, as well as a proof of global convergence of the natural iterative algorithm. We argue that this algorithm is computationally attractive, and discuss its rate of convergence.     

职场友谊对研发团队创新绩效的影响机制研究——一个带中介的调节模型

本文通过问卷调查法获得372份有效问卷，运用带中介的调节模型探讨了职场友谊对研发团队创新绩效的影响机制。实证结果表明：（1）职场友谊对团队创新绩效是有正向的激励作用的，其中知识分享起中介作用；（2）职场友谊对团队创新绩效的作用同时受到员工知识分享意愿和知识分享能力的中介作用；（3）职位级别对职场友谊通过知识分享对团队创新绩效的影响起负向调节作用，即职位级别越高，友谊机会越小，通过员工友谊促进知识分享，进而提高团队创新绩效的效应越低。     

济源市观光采摘旅游效益构成分析

[目的]以河南省济源市为研究对象,探究济源市观光采摘旅游的效益构成,并针对发展中的问题提出相应对策,以期促进济源市观光采摘旅游的健康与可持续发展。[方法]文章采用统计数据分析法和文献分析法。搜集济源市观光采摘旅游相关的数据,分析其对济源市经济、文化等各项发展带来的影响,详细说明济源市观光采摘旅游效益构成。[结果]2008~2015年,济源市观光采摘旅游的人数占旅游总人数比例的年平均增长率41.03%,收入占旅游总收入比例的年平均增长率44.41%;星级酒店数量减少5个;果蔬种植面积和产量年平均增长率为2.41%和3.90%;此外,济源市农产品销售渠道拓宽,消耗能源和排放污染物数量减少。2010~2015年,济源市就业人员年平均增长速率5.83%,失业率减少0.50%,文盲率下降0.07%,大学及以上学历人数增长3.80%。51.4%的游客认为观光采摘旅游等生态休闲旅游增强了自己的环保知识。[结论]济源市观光采摘旅游效益主要由经济效益、生态效益和社会效益构成。经济效益方面:政府和居民收入提高,当地旅游业发展水平提高,农业种植结构得到改善,农业种植效益得以提高,农产品销售渠道得以拓宽;生态效益方面:生态环境得到改善;社会效益方面:当地居民的就业率和文化素质得以提高,社会大众的环保意识得以加强。在以后的观光采摘旅游发展过程中,应发挥当地特有的文化优势并注重提升自我,采取针对性措施解决现存问题。     

On regulations for 5G: Micro licensing for locally operated networks

Future 5G networks aim at providing new high-quality wireless services to meet stringent and case-specific needs of various vertical sectors beyond traditional mobile broadband offerings. 5G is expected to disrupt the mobile communication business ecosystem and open the market to drastically new sharing based network operational models. 5G technical features of network slicing and small cell deployments in higher carrier frequencies will lower the investment barrier for new entrants to deploy local radio access networks and offer vertical specific services in specific areas and allow them lease the remaining required infrastructure on demand from mobile network operators (MNO) or infrastructure vendors. To realize the full vision of 5G to benefit the society and promote competition, innovation and emergence of new services when the 5G end-to-end network spans across different stakeholders administrative domains, the existing regulations governing the mobile communication business ecosystem are being refined. This paper provides a tutorial overview on how 5G innovations impact mobile communications and reviews the regulatory elements relevant to 5G development for locally deployed networks. This paper expands the recent micro licensing model for local spectrum authorization in future 5G systems and provides guidelines for the development of the key micro licensing elements. This local micro licensing model can open the mobile market by allowing different stakeholders to deploy local small cell networks with locally issued spectrum licenses ensuring pre-defined quality guarantees for the vertical sectors’ case specific needs.     

水利工程监理在提高工程经济效益中所起作用的思考

就现阶段我国社会经济的发展状况而言,水利工程被看作是关键基础设施,它为我国防洪抗灾、农业灌溉、水电建设等方面发挥着重要的作用。文章就水利工程监理在工程效益中所起到的作用进行了详细的分析和研究。     

火电企业外部环境条件分析及经营管理对策

本文分析了燃煤火电企业的外部环境条件,阐述了电力市场与电价、热力市场与热价、煤源与煤价、交通运输方式、环保容量等对燃煤火电企业的影响,在此基础上有针对性地提出了燃煤火电企业的经营管理策略,通过严格控制煤价、积极抢发电量、拓展供热市场、争取有利政策等手段提高企业的经营效益。